Modular robotics plays a vital role in creating flexible, adaptive systems essential to Industry 5.0. Robot modules can be reconfigured for different tasks, extending the lifecycle of equipment and reducing the need for multiple single-purpose machines. This flexibility lowers energy consumption and capital costs while making automation more accessible to smaller firms. Sustainable practices are achieved by reusing and adapting modules rather than discarding them. Economically, modular robotics increases productivity, improves workplace safety, and allows human workers to focus on higher-value creative and strategic roles. By blending robotics with human intelligence, Industry 5.0 achieves not only efficiency but also resilience, helping industries remain competitive while reducing waste and promoting sustainable growth.
Computing has always been a driver of progress, but in Industry 5.0 it becomes a catalyst for sustainable transformation. High-performance computing enables simulations that reduce prototyping waste, while cloud computing lowers the need for physical infrastructure, cutting energy use and costs. Edge computing ensures devices operate efficiently by processing data locally, reducing latency and unnecessary transmissions. Economically, smarter computing systems increase productivity and reduce downtime, giving businesses a competitive edge. Sustainability is achieved by optimising resources and enabling predictive maintenance, extending the life of machinery and reducing waste. Industry 5.0 leverages computing power to harmonise technology with human creativity, building a future where innovation fuels both economic growth and environmental responsibility.